The EU Policy Framework for Biowaste Management
Biowaste management is a key element of the European Union’s sustainability agenda, aimed at reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, improving resource efficiency, and transitioning to a circular economy. The EU Green Paper on Biowaste Management [1] outlines three central goals for member states: separate collection, landfill diversion, and biological treatment. These objectives address the dual challenges of managing waste sustainably and protecting the environment.
Separate collection is essential for the high-quality processing of biowaste into compost and biogas, enabling its use in agriculture and renewable energy generation [2]. However, effective implementation requires substantial public engagement and infrastructure investment. Landfill diversion focuses on mitigating methane emissions from decomposing organic waste, which contribute significantly to climate change. The EU Waste Framework Directive mandates the progressive reduction of biodegradable waste in landfills, promoting alternative treatment methods. Biological treatment, including anaerobic digestion (AD) and composting, facilitates nutrient recycling and renewable energy production, supporting the EU’s circular economy objectives.
